ADC Peripheral Block Description

This block handles the ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter) peripheral in STM32 microcontrollers. It enables the conversion of analog signals to digital, which is crucial for reading data from various sensors and external devices.

ADC Block

Inputs
Outputs
Block Parameters
CubeMX Configuration for a Given MCU Model
See Also

Inputs

This block does not have any inputs.

Outputs

Output Name	Type	Description
Channel N	uint16	Digital value read from the ADC channel, where N represents the channel number. This value is scaled to the range of, in example, 0-4095 for a 12-bit ADC. The number and numbering of output channels depend on the Number of channels parameter.

Block Parameters

Block Parameters for I2C

Parameter	Description
ADC Number	The number of the ADC module.
Number of channels	The number of ADC channels to be read. This parameter determines the quantity of outputs for the ADC block.
Buffer size per channel [samples]	The number of samples stored in the buffer for each ADC channel. This setting allows the accumulation of multiple ADC readings, which can be useful for signal analysis or data filtering.
Sample time	The refresh period of the block’s outputs. This is not the ADC conversion time, which is set in the CubeMX configuration.

Block parameters for I2C

CubeMX Configuration for a Given MCU Model

The CubeMX configuration and interface appearance may differ between individual MCU models within given families. Below are example CubeMX settings for selected MCU models. For other models, settings should be adjusted according to the manufacturer’s documentation and project requirements.

H7

CubeMX Settings

No.	Name	Path	Setting	Description
1	Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Mode > Channel	`Differential` or `Single-ended` or Checked	Setting the ADC operating mode for the selected channel. Different channels can have different operating modes. Select all channels that are to be used in the ADC block.
2	ADC Clock	Clock Configuration > ADC Clock Mux	Value depending on the target ADC frequency	Setting the clock source for the ADC interface. This value depends on the target ADC frequency and the system clock configuration.
3	ADC Prescaler	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > Clock Prescaler	Value depending on the target ADC frequency	Setting the prescaler for the ADC interface. This value depends on the target ADC frequency and the system clock configuration.
4	Add DMA	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings	`Add`	Adding DMA support for the ADC interface.
5	Select ADC Module for DMA	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request > Select	Selected ADC module, e.g., `ADC1`, `ADC2` etc.	Selecting the ADC module used in the ADC block.
6	DMA Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request Settings > DMA Mode	`Circular`	Setting the DMA operating mode. `Circular` mode allows continuous reading of data from the ADC and storing it in a buffer, which aligns with the operation of the ADC block.
7	DMA Address and Data Width	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request Settings > Increment Address and Data Width	`Memory` `Half Word`	Setting the data transfer direction and data width for DMA. The `Memory` direction means that data will be transferred from the ADC peripheral to memory, and the `Half Word` width means data will be transferred in 16-bit units.
8	Continuous Conversion Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > Continuous Conversion Mode	`Enabled`	Enabling continuous conversion mode for the ADC interface. This mode allows uninterrupted data reading.
9	Conversion Data Management Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > Conversion Data Management Mode	`DMA Circular Mode`	Setting the conversion data management mode for the ADC interface. `DMA Circular` mode allows continuous reading of data from the ADC and storing it in a buffer.
10	End Of Conversion Selection	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > End of Conversion Selection	`End of single conversion` or `End of sequence conversion`	Selecting the conversion completion condition for the ADC interface.
11	Number of Conversion	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_ConversionMode > Number of Conversion	Equal to the number of selected channels	The number of conversions to be performed in the ADC conversion sequence. This value should be equal to the number of channels selected for conversion.
12	Rank	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_ConversionMode > Rank	Appropriate for the desired sequence	The order in which the ADC channels will be converted within the conversion sequence. Each channel should be assigned a unique rank number that defines its position in the sequence. Select the appropriate channel.
13	Sampling Time	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_ConversionMode > Rank > Sampling Time	Calculated value	The duration (expressed in clock cycles) for which the ADC sampling capacitor charges from the selected channel before its conversion begins.

Calculating Sampling Time

$T_{adc} \le \left( \frac{T_m}{N \cdot S} \right) \cdot f_{adc} - C$

Where:

$T_{adc}$ – ADC sampling time (in ADC clock cycles);
$T_m$ – model step time (model sample time, expressed in seconds);
$N$ – number of channels used;
$S$ – number of samples per channel (Buffer size per channel parameter);
$f_{adc}$ – ADC clock frequency (expressed in Hz);
$C$ – constant conversion time overhead (to be verified in the processor’s Reference Manual, typically around 10.5 to 12.5 cycles).

Important: It is recommended to set the sampling time to the highest possible value that satisfies the above condition. This provides a more stable reading and significantly reduces processor load.

Interrupts for the ADC are not mandatory.

ADC* - the asterisk (*) symbol represents the number of the ADC module used in the model, e.g., ADC1, ADC2 etc.

F4

CubeMX Settings

No.	Name	Path	Setting	Description
1	Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Mode > Channel	`Differential` or `Single-ended` or Checked	Setting the ADC operating mode for the selected channel. Different channels can have different operating modes. Select all channels that are to be used in the ADC block.
2	ADC Clock	Clock Configuration > APB 2 Peripheral Clock	Value depending on the target ADC frequency	Setting the clock source for the ADC interface. This value depends on the target ADC frequency and the system clock configuration.
3	ADC Prescaler	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > Clock Prescaler	Value depending on the target ADC frequency	Setting the prescaler for the ADC interface. This value depends on the target ADC frequency and the system clock configuration.
4	Add DMA	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings	`Add`	Adding DMA support for the ADC interface.
5	Select ADC Module for DMA	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request > Select	Selected ADC module, e.g., `ADC1`, `ADC2` etc.	Selecting the ADC module used in the ADC block.
6	DMA Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request Settings > DMA Mode	`Circular`	Setting the DMA operating mode. `Circular` mode allows continuous reading of data from the ADC and storing it in a buffer, which aligns with the operation of the ADC block.
7	DMA Address and Data Width	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request Settings > Increment Address and Data Width	`Memory` `Half Word`	Setting the data transfer direction and data width for DMA. The `Memory` direction means that data will be transferred from the ADC peripheral to memory, and the `Half Word` width means data will be transferred in 16-bit units.
8	Continuous Conversion Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > Continuous Conversion Mode	`Enabled`	Enabling continuous conversion mode for the ADC interface. This mode allows uninterrupted data reading.
9	DMA Continuous Requests	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > DMA Continuous Requests	`Enabled`	Enabling continuous DMA requests for the ADC peripheral. This mode ensures continuous data streaming from the ADC to memory.
10	End Of Conversion Selection	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > End of Conversion Selection	`EOC flag at the end of single channel conversion` or `EOC flag at the end of all conversions`	Selecting the conversion completion condition for the ADC interface, depending on the number of selected channels.
11	Number of Conversion	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_InjectedMode > Number of Conversion	Equal to the number of selected channels	The number of conversions to be performed in the ADC conversion sequence. This value should be equal to the number of channels selected for conversion.
12	Rank	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_ConversionMode > Rank	Appropriate for the desired sequence	The order in which the ADC channels will be converted within the conversion sequence. Each channel should be assigned a unique rank number that defines its position in the sequence. Select the appropriate channel.
13	Sampling Time	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_ConversionMode > Rank > Sampling Time	Calculated value	The duration (expressed in clock cycles) for which the ADC sampling capacitor charges from the selected channel before its conversion begins.

Calculating Sampling Time

$T_{adc} \le \left( \frac{T_m}{N \cdot S} \right) \cdot f_{adc} - C$

Where:

$T_{adc}$ – ADC sampling time (in ADC clock cycles);
$T_m$ – model step time (model sample time, expressed in seconds);
$N$ – number of channels used;
$S$ – number of samples per channel (Buffer size per channel parameter);
$f_{adc}$ – ADC clock frequency (expressed in Hz);
$C$ – constant conversion time overhead (to be verified in the processor’s Reference Manual, typically around 10.5 to 12.5 cycles).

Interrupts for the ADC are not mandatory.

ADC* - the asterisk (*) symbol represents the number of the ADC module used in the model, e.g., ADC1, ADC2 etc.

G0

CubeMX Settings

No.	Name	Path	Setting	Description
1	Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Mode > Channel	`Differential` or `Single-ended` or Checked	Setting the ADC operating mode for the selected channel. Different channels can have different operating modes. Select all channels that are to be used in the ADC block.
2	ADC Clock	Clock Configuration > ADC Clock Mux	Value depending on the target ADC frequency	Setting the clock source for the ADC interface. This value depends on the target ADC frequency and the system clock configuration.
3	ADC Prescaler	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > Clock Prescaler	Value depending on the target ADC frequency	Setting the prescaler for the ADC interface. This value depends on the target ADC frequency and the system clock configuration.
4	Add DMA	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings	`Add`	Adding DMA support for the ADC interface.
5	Select ADC Module for DMA	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request > Select	Selected ADC module, e.g., `ADC1`, `ADC2` etc.	Selecting the ADC module used in the ADC block.
6	DMA Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request Settings > DMA Mode	`Circular`	Setting the DMA operating mode. `Circular` mode allows continuous reading of data from the ADC and storing it in a buffer, which aligns with the operation of the ADC block.
7	DMA Address and Data Width	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > DMA Settings > DMA Request Settings > Increment Address and Data Width	`Memory` `Half Word`	Setting the data transfer direction and data width for DMA. The `Memory` direction means that data will be transferred from the ADC peripheral to memory, and the `Half Word` width means data will be transferred in 16-bit units.
8	Continuous Conversion Mode	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > Continuous Conversion Mode	`Enabled`	Enabling continuous conversion mode for the ADC interface. This mode allows uninterrupted data reading.
9	DMA Continuous Requests	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > DMA Continuous Requests	`Enabled`	Enabling continuous DMA requests for the ADC peripheral. This mode ensures continuous data streaming from the ADC to memory.
10	End Of Conversion Selection	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Settings > End of Conversion Selection	`End of single conversion` or `End of sequence conversion`	Selecting the conversion completion condition for the ADC interface.
11	Number of Conversion	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_ConversionMode > Number of Conversion	Equal to the number of selected channels	The number of conversions to be performed in the ADC conversion sequence. This value should be equal to the number of channels selected for conversion.
12	Rank	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_ConversionMode > Rank	Appropriate for the desired sequence	The order in which the ADC channels will be converted within the conversion sequence. Each channel should be assigned a unique rank number that defines its position in the sequence. Select the appropriate channel.
13	Sampling Time	Pinout & Configuration > ADC* > Parameter Settings > ADC_Regular_ConversionMode > Rank > Sampling Time	Calculated value	The duration (expressed in clock cycles) for which the ADC sampling capacitor charges from the selected channel before its conversion begins.

Calculating Sampling Time

$T_{adc} \le \left( \frac{T_m}{N \cdot S} \right) \cdot f_{adc} - C$

Where:

$T_{adc}$ – ADC sampling time (in ADC clock cycles);
$T_m$ – model step time (model sample time, expressed in seconds);
$N$ – number of channels used;
$S$ – number of samples per channel (Buffer size per channel parameter);
$f_{adc}$ – ADC clock frequency (expressed in Hz);
$C$ – constant conversion time overhead (to be verified in the processor’s Reference Manual, typically around 10.5 to 12.5 cycles).

Interrupts for the ADC are not mandatory.

ADC* - the asterisk (*) symbol represents the number of the ADC module used in the model, e.g., ADC1, ADC2 etc.

ADC Peripheral Block Description

Table of Contents

Inputs

Outputs

Block Parameters

Block Parameters for I2C

CubeMX Configuration for a Given MCU Model

H7

CubeMX Settings

F4

CubeMX Settings

G0

CubeMX Settings

See Also